| Water Retention |
Does not cause significant water retention
|
| Hepatotoxicity |
Low risk
|
| Lab Test |
Monitoring of renal function and serum electrolytes recommended
|
| Strength |
500 mg
|
| Also known as |
Metformin HCL
|
| Blood pressure |
Can lead to a slight reduction in blood pressure
|
| Trade name |
Glucophage, Glumetza, others
|
| Storage conditions |
Store at room temperature, away from moisture and light
|
| Chemical name |
Metformin hydrochloride
|
| Formula |
C4H11N5В·HCl
|
| Substance class |
Biguanide
|
| Main action |
Antihyperglycemic agent
|
| Half-life |
Approximately 6.2 hours
|
| Dosage (medical) |
Typically starting at 500 mg twice a day or 850 mg once a day, up to a maximum of 2000-2550 mg per day depending on the patient's response and tolerance
|
| Dosage (sports) |
Not typically prescribed for sports enhancement
|
| Effects |
Reduces hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose, and improves insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization
|
| Side effects |
Gastrointestinal disturbances (such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting), vitamin B12 deficiency, lactic acidosis (rare but serious)
|
| Use in sports |
Not commonly used as a performance enhancer, but some athletes might use it for weight management
|
| Manufacturer |
Cipla
|
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